1631-63

1632

• Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye returns New France to the French.
• Champlain publishes Voyages de la Nouvelle France.

1633

• Returns to Quebec, effectively as governor of New France.
• Étienne Brûlé is killed by the Huron (Wendat).

1634

• Champlain establishes strategic fort and trading post at Trois-Rivières.

1634-40

• European diseases ravage Great Lakes region, killing half the Aboriginal population.

1635

• Champlain dies at Quebec on December 25.

1663

• Following decades of limited commercial management, New France becomes a royal colony.